Infographic: Trump v. United States Presidential Immunity

Presidential power and immunity shape how executive authority functions—and how accountability is enforced—in the United States. While the Constitution does not explicitly define presidential immunity, Supreme Court decisions such as Nixon v. Fitzgerald, Clinton v. Jones, and Trump v. United States have clarified (and in some cases expanded) the legal protections afforded to presidents for official acts. These rulings distinguish between civil and criminal liability and raise important questions about the limits of executive power, the balance of checks and balances, and what happens when presidential actions test constitutional boundaries. Understanding these distinctions is essential for anyone engaged in civic life, policy, or advocacy, as debates about immunity directly affect democracy, governance, and the rule of law.

Image of a red, white and blue infographic with a border of blue and red stars. Text reads: Presidential Power and Immunity
Presidential immunity protects the president of the United States from legal consequences for official acts performed while in office. Though not mentioned in the Constitution, courts have defined its scope. 
Civil vs. Criminal Immunity
Civil Immunity: In Nixon v. Fitzgerald and Clinton v. Jones, the Supreme Court found that presidents are immune from civil lawsuits for official actions but not for personal conduct related to their duties. 
Criminal Immunity: In Trump v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that the president cannot be criminally prosecuted for official acts granted by the Constitution (e.g. pardons, military decisions) 
Why Does This Matter? 
1. Expands Presidential Power
The recent ruling in Trump v. United States expands presidential power by shielding official actions from criminal prosecution, raising concerns about accountability and checks on executive authority. 
2. Unclear Legal Authority 
With the expansion of presidential power- comes decisions that may not fall under the scope of what the president can typically do
3. Presidential Overreach
This raises questions about constitutional limits of presidential power when the president can make decisions about domestic law enforcement without a state governor's approval. 
How This Applies to Present Day
Recent events in Los Angeles, California have shown why presidential power and immunity matter. These events highlight the ongoing debate over how much power a president should have and whether they can be held accountable for how they use that power. 

The National Center for Dignity in Healthcare and Community Living for People with Disabilities.
www.ThinkEquitable.com

To learn more on this, check out Policy Unpacked 6 : Presidential Power and Immunity

Presidential Power and Immunity- Turquise/green background with several geometric shapes. Text reads: Policy Unpacked Policy Unpacked is a series of plain language articles about the policy process in the United States. We hope that it will serve as a roadmap for understanding how government policies come to life, how they evolve, and how people can engage with them. The National Center for Disability, Equity, and Intersectionality